What is HTTP?

HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, a protocol is system of rules that allow communication of information between different entities like a computer, however Hypertext is a word for text that is displayed on a computer screen that contains hyperlinks to other text called web documents. The Hypertext Protocol is a set of rules, servers and browsers used to transfer web documents back and forth. That’s why every URL we type into a web browser starts with HTTP.

The nature of HTTP and principles

One of the core principles of HTTP is that is plain language and human readable. When you see an HTTP request, response or message, you can read it out loud and make sense of it even if you don’t necessary know how the technology works.

Session Management

Another principle is that HTTP is a stateless protocol. That means each individual request sent over the protocol is unique, and no request is connected to another request. To put in another way, HTTP has no memory of previous requests. This statelessness ensures users don’t get trapped in or placed in the middle of sequences of content, but it also means they can’t walk their way through sequences because the requests are not connected.

To fix that, HTTP allows sessions. Stored states shared between the browser and the server. If a visitor is flipping their way through a photo gallery, the browser and server can exchange the information about where the visitor is in by passing the information back and forth in the form of cookies, that means while HTTP is stateless, it is not session less.

That passing of cookies that allow HTTP to preserve sessions is made possible by extensibility of HTTP.

Authentication and Web security

Authentication is a process that ensures and confirms a user’s identity. Authentication technology provides access control for system by checking to see if a user’s credentials match the credentials in a database of authorized users or in a data authentication server.

Web security also known as Cyber Security and it involves protecting website or web application by detecting, preventing and responding to attacks.

There are a lot of factors that go into web security and web protection. Any website or application that is secure is surely backed by different types of checkpoints and techniques for keeping it safe.

There are a variety of security standards that must be followed at all times as well as there are different types of technologies available for maintaining the best security standards include

• Black box testing tools
• Fuzzing tools
• White box testing tools
• Web application firewalls(WAF)
• Security or vulnerability scanners
• Password cracking tools

Client-side Programming

Similarly, to server-side that client-side programming mostly deals with the user interface with which the user interacts in the web. It is mostly browser, the user’s machine that runs the code and mainly is done in any scripting language like JavaScript

Client-side uses

·         Make interactive web pages

• Make stuff work dynamically
• Interact with temporary storage
• Work as an interface between user and server
• Send request to the server
• Retrieve data from the server  

Client-side Languages Examples

• JavaScript
• VBScript
• HTML
• CSS
• AJAX
• jQuery